A trust is a common and versatile legal arrangement used for business and personal purposes, including managing assets, tax planning, and estate planning. Understanding what a trust is, how it operates, and its advantages and disadvantages is essential for anyone considering this structure for their financial affairs. This article provides a detailed overview of trusts in Australia.

 What is a Trust?

A trust is a legal arrangement where one party (the trustee) holds and manages property or assets for the benefit of others (the beneficiaries). The trustee is legally responsible for managing the trust’s assets in accordance with the trust deed and for the benefit of the beneficiaries.

Types of Trusts in Australia
  1. Discretionary Trusts (Family Trusts)
    • The trustee has discretion over how much income or capital each beneficiary receives. Commonly used for family asset protection and tax planning.
  2. Unit Trusts
    • Beneficiaries (unit holders) have a fixed interest in the trust. Each unit held represents a portion of the trust’s property, similar to shares in a company.
  3. Testamentary Trusts
    • Established by a will to provide a greater level of control over the distribution of assets upon the trustor’s death.
  4. Charitable Trusts
    • Set up to benefit a particular charity or the public generally, usually for education, religious, or other charitable purposes.
Key Roles in a Trust
  1. Settlor: The person who establishes the trust.
  2. Trustee: The person or company who manages the trust.
  3. Beneficiaries: Those who receive the benefits from the trust.
How a Trust Operates
  • Trust Deed: This is a legal document that sets out the rules for establishing and operating the trust.
  • Assets: Assets are put into the trust (settled) for management and control by the trustee.
  • Trustee Responsibilities: The trustee must adhere to the trust deed and act in the best interest of the beneficiaries.
  • Distribution: Income and capital are distributed to beneficiaries as per the terms of the trust deed.
Advantages of a Trust
  1. Asset Protection: Trusts can offer protection from creditors and in matrimonial disputes.
  2. Tax Benefits: Potential for tax-effective distribution of income, particularly with discretionary trusts.
  3. Estate Planning: Allows for the orderly transfer of assets without the need for probate.
Disadvantages of a Trust
  1. Complexity and Cost: Setting up and administering a trust can be complex and costly.
  2. Compliance Obligations: Trusts face annual compliance obligations and tax return lodgments.
  3. Limited Life: In Australia, trusts generally have a maximum lifespan of 80 years (Perpetuity Period).


Trusts are a powerful tool in Australia for managing assets, protecting wealth, and planning for the future. While they offer several advantages like asset protection and tax flexibility, they also come with complexities and legal responsibilities. It’s crucial to understand these intricacies, contact us to determine if a trust is suitable for your personal or business objectives. A well-managed trust can be an effective component of your financial strategy, providing benefits to beneficiaries for many years.